Decomposing the changes in European final energy consumption

The results indicate the importance of all three effects. The European effect was most responsible for the changes in final energy consumption, particularly in the period marked by synergic influence of the financial, economic and energy crisis, while the sectoral and competitive effect influenced them more considerably in the remaining time period. The results also indicate that heterogeneity in the sectoral structure in energy consumption was low as well as sectoral concentration across EU states in the whole period considered.