The challenge of adapting marine social-ecological systems to the additional stress of climate change

▶ Marine social-ecological systems are being stressed by environmental changes and the impacts from globalisation. ▶ Climate change is an additional stress, and will interact with existing stressors to increase uncertainty and extreme events. ▶ Existing strategies of human social fishing systems to adjust to these changes will be inadequate as marine social-ecological systems are pushed beyond their ranges of past variability. ▶ Governance must increase the adaptive capacities of marine social-ecological systems by developing flexible management strategies.