Spatially and temporally variable urinary N loads deposited by lactating cows on a grazing system dairy farm

Locations and N loads (g event−1) of urination events deposited by lactating cows in paddocks grazed during the day (between morning and evening milkings; light green circles), in paddocks grazed overnight (after the evening milking; dark green squares), in laneways (brown diamonds) and in the dairy shed and yards (blue Xs). Nitrogen load ranges shown for day time grazing in the legend applies to all locations. Inset shows cow 1272 calmly grazing with the urine sensor attached.469