Evolution of district marine policies in China: The case of Shandong Province

Shandong Province is among China's major marine provinces. The annual total output value of the province's marine economy has been ranked second in the country since 2013. This paper presents an evaluation of the marine district policies of Shandong Province. These policies can be divided into three stages according to the time sequence of policy promulgation: the fishery production and resource management period, the marine integrated utilization management period, and the marine ecological management period. The evolution of Shandong's marine policies was analyzed accordingly. Overall, the regional marine industry is on a good development track. However, many challenges remain regarding the formulation and implementation of the province's marine policies in the future.