Improved latent space approach for modelling non-stationary spatial-temporal random fields

The proposed formulations are more flexible than the current ones by considering the possible effects of spatial distance, time, and regressors on the statistics of a random field. Two examples are considered in the paper. The first one considers the modelling and prediction of a spatial random field and the second one considers a spatial-temporal random field. The proposed formulations demonstrate better performance for both examples compared with the current formulations, and can better describe the dependencies of the quantities of interest on the regressors.