The analysis of transit-oriented development (TOD) in Washington, D.C. and Baltimore metropolitan areas

The question of “can transit-oriented development (TOD) reduce vehicle miles of travel?” has been asked frequently, since TODswerefirst proposed and implemented in urban areas. This paper tries to find a viable answer to this question by analyzing the VMT of Washington, D.C. and Baltimore residents. Our results indicate that people living in TOD areas tend to drive less, reducing theirVMT by around 38% in Washington, D.C. and 21% in Baltimore, compared to the residents of the non-TOD areas even with similar land use patterns.