Coping with congestion: Understanding the role of simultaneous transportation demand management policies on commuters

This paper examines the role of transportation demand management (TDM) policies on commuters' mode choice in the city of Tehran. The analysis is based on the results of a stated preferences survey developed through the design of experiments approach. Five policies covering increasing parking cost, increasing fuel cost, cordon pricing, transit time reduction, and transit access improvement are assessed in order to study their impact on commuters' consideration of six modes of transportation to travel to work. A multinomial logit model was developed for the 366 commuters who regularly commute to their workplace in the center of the city. In addition to a number of commuting and contextual variables, the model shows that the single policies main effect and multiple policies interactions are significant in affecting commuters' mode choice. The marginal effects of policies are presented, and simultaneous effects of the policies on car usage variations are provided.