An evaluation of railway passenger transport in Turkey using life cycle assessment and life cycle cost methods

Our results show that, the total environmental load of HSR is shared by infrastructure and operations, with percentages of 58% and 42%, respectively. On the other hand, for CR, infrastructure created 39% of the total environmental load, while operations had 61%. Regarding cost, the impact in HSR resulted from infrastructure and operations, with percentages of 69% and 31%, respectively. In the CR system, infrastructure caused 21% of the total cost impact while operations led to 69%. The results are interpreted in the light of a Monte Carlo simulation analysis, performed to gauge the effects of data variation on the results. By providing insight through this study, evaluation of all railway transportation systems should be possible using only LCA/LCC methodologies.