Similarities and changes between 15- and 24-year survival and retention rates of patients in a large medical-affiliated methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) center

Predictors for retention (associated with MMT outcome) and mortality (associated with pre-treatment comorbidity) after 24 years were similar to those after 15 years. Cocaine abuse as a predictor of both poor retention and poor survival in the later period may reflect the escalating trend for cocaine abuse and should be studied if related to other unmonitored substances.