Article ID Journal Published Year Pages File Type
7505441 Drug and Alcohol Dependence 2014 24 Pages PDF
Abstract
Never-dependent opioid users may have started to use opioids partly due to their tendency to seek novel and/or spiritual experiences (high Novelty Seeking, high Self-Transcendence) and their tendency to avoid aversive stimuli (high Harm Avoidance), whereas they may have been protected against the development of dependence by their need for social approval (high Reward Dependence) and their self-efficacy (high Self-Directedness).
Related Topics
Life Sciences Neuroscience Behavioral Neuroscience
Authors
, , , , , , , , , ,