Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
7507549 | Drug and Alcohol Dependence | 2013 | 7 Pages |
Abstract
Replicating previous cross-sectional findings, peer smoking and alcohol use predicted ND symptoms among never-smoking adolescents. Extending these findings, previous predictors only observed among ever-smokers, including socio-demographic and psychosocial indicators, also predicted ND symptoms. This longitudinal investigation demonstrated the temporal relation of the predictors preceding ND symptoms. Future research should consider longer prospective studies with younger children to capture early onset of ND symptoms and with longer follow-up to detect eventual smoking uptake.
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Authors
Simon Racicot, Jennifer J. McGrath, Igor Karp, Jennifer O'Loughlin,