| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7509165 | Drug and Alcohol Dependence | 2011 | 7 Pages |
Abstract
Players who misused during their NFL career were most likely to misuse currently compared to others. Current misuse was associated with more NFL pain, undiagnosed concussions and heavy drinking. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine the long term effects of opioid misuse among athletes.
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Authors
Linda B. Cottler, Arbi Ben Abdallah, Simone M. Cummings, John Barr, Rayna Banks, Ronnie Forchheimer,