Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease deaths, disability-adjusted life years, and risk factors in Hubei province of mid-China, 1990-2015: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Hubei has made substantial progress in reducing the mortality due to COPD since 1990, but the absolute number of COPD cases is increasing steadily, given the population growth and aging. The increasing contribution from smoking, ambient particulate matter pollution, and ambient ozone pollution should require growing attention.