Nanoparticle-templated hierarchically porous polymer/zeolitic imidazolate framework as a solid-phase microextraction coatings

Hierarchically porous polymer/ZIF monolithic coatings showed a superior performance for BTEX extraction in comparison to coatings based on pure macroporous organic polymer monoliths, silicone glue/ZIF-8 coatings or commercial PDMS coatings. Experimental parameters such as desorption temperature, desorption time, salt concentration, temperature effect, equilibrium time and extraction time were investigated. Under the selected experimental conditions, limits of detection of 0.02-0.11 μg L−1, linear ranges of 0.2-200 μg L−1, relative standard deviations of 4.3-8.2%, and a fiber-to-fiber reproducibility of 8.9-9.8% (n = 3) were obtained. Recoveries higher than 88% were obtained for BTEX analysis in tap water, wastewater and landfill leachates.