An Eulerian–Lagrangian model for dense particle clouds

The interaction of a shock wave with a layer of particles, a topic important for the formation of dust clouds in air, has been analyzed by numerical simulation. The modelling method used are the Eulerian–Lagrangian and the Eulerian–Eulerian approaches, the latter is traditionally used for this type of simulation. Using Eulerian–Lagrangian simulation, it has been possible to include the effects of particle–particle and particle–wall collisions in a realistic and direct manner. Results are mainly shown as snap-shots of particle positions during the simulations and statistics for the particle displacement and collisions. The results show that collisions influence the process of particle cloud formation significantly.