Optimization of angular setup with proposed β–η chart for solar energy apparatus through Helios orbital analysis

•Analysis procedure for the angular setup of the SPVS based on Helios orbital analysis is shown.•Average of 61.87% efficiency for the whole year with this fixed-type SPVS is obtained.•Graphical interpretation on proposed β–η chart for estimating SPVS efficiency is presented.

Many reports and patents address tracking-type systems to complete and optimized the acquisition of solar energy. However, fixed-type systems contribute the most of the market to the solar photovoltaic system (SPVS) for the existing buildings. Based on this fact, it is important to discuss and understand the feasible setup parameters to achieve the optimum radiation-collection-efficiency of a fixed-type system. The purpose of the present report is to provide the methodology and to investigate the optimum angles of the system facilities through minimum mathematics. The calculations show that for the demonstrated locations, the maximum efficiency for the whole year of a fixed-type system can reach more than 61% efficiency, compared to a total tracking system at the same location and time intervals. Based on these calculations, the appropriate optical system can be designed to improve system performance for the majority buildings requirements in any location.