Diagnostic, suivi biologique de l'insuffisance rénale chronique et prise en charge de l'insuffisance rénale chronique terminale

The present review summarizes our current knowledge about the diagnosis and the follow-up of patients with chronic renal failure as well as the management of end stage renal disease (ESRD) by dialysis or kidney transplantation. The first chapter underlines the pitfalls in the diagnosis of the chronic kidney disease (CKD) using the calculation or the estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and presents the current classification of CKD. The following chapter describes the different complications associated with CKD, considering the pathophysiology and the management of each complication. The third chapter concerns the practical organization for the follow-up and the management of CKD patients at each stage. The fourth chapter is dedicated to the different dialysis modalities for ESRD patients, with a special focus on specific complications related to hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. The last chapter concerns kidney transplantation with a comprehensible description of the immunosuppressive therapy and their side-effects.