Impact de l'huile d'argan sur le cancer de la prostate : étude de l'effet antiprolifératif des polyphénols

Diet is one of the environmental factors susceptible to develop or reduce the cancer risk. Several studies have shown that three cancer types (breast, prostate and digestive) can be influenced by diet, especially lipid and antioxidant intake. In this field, our study is dedicated to valorise endemic oil from the south eastern of Morocco. The chemical composition of Argan oil is composed by 99% glyceridic fraction rich in unsaturated fatty acid and by 1% of unsaponifiable fraction containing hydrocarbures, carotenes, tocopherols, sterols and polyphenols. The objective of our work is ti investigate the effect of polyphenols extracted from argan oil on the proliferation of two human epithelial cell lines (PNT1A et PC3) and one epithelial cell lines from dog adenocarcinome (DPC1). We have used the MTT test for evaluating citotoxicity of these molecules and counting of cell nucleus for evaluating the influence of polyphenols on the proliferation of the three cell lines. Our results show that the poluphenols of argan oil exert a dose dependant antiprroliferative action on PC3 and DPC1 cell lines. However, no inhibition effect has been shown on PNT1A cell lines. In conclusion, Argan oil could contribute by it rich composition of polyphenols to the prevention of some cancers such prostate cancer.