Les facteurs de virulence de Staphylococcus aureus

Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for numerous kinds of human infections and account for the most often isolated pathogens from both community and hospital infections. Beside the numerous antmicrobial and antiseptic resistances, the bacteria looks very well armed by a battery of virulence factors to escape the different defences that host may opposite. S. aureus displays an arsenal to answer to defences such as antibodies, phagocytosis or cytotoxicity. Emerging infections caused by virulent strains in the community illustrate the genetic evolution and spreading of such strains via human activities. The staphylococcal weapons can be distributed into groups of toxins with cytolytic, proteolytic, superantigen or ADP-ribosylating activities. In most cases, several serotypes of toxins are encountered in each group that may allow the bacteria to escape first host defence. This review proposes a study of S. aureus secreted toxins while illustrating their complementarity.