Strategies to improve the analytical features of microfluidic methods using nanomaterials

This review reports on a systematic study of the usefulness of NMs in the different steps of the analytical process for microfluidic systems: preconcentration, separation, reaction and detection. We illustrate the advantages offered by NMs in each of these steps with representative recent examples that highlight the scientific interest in widening the use of nanotechnology in microfluidic methods. Also, we briefly discuss the use of NMs in paper-microfluidic methods.