An overview of recent advances in the application of quantum dots as luminescent probes to inorganic-trace analysis

Systems based on quantum dots (QDs) have received great attention in recent years in the field of analytical chemistry for the detection of a variety of analytes. In this overview, we review novel methods based on the employment of QDs for inorganic-trace analysis, making use of liquid-phase and solid-phase systems, reversible and even visual and multiplexing analysis. Also, we discuss critical parameters influencing the optical properties of QDs, and the sensitivity and the selectivity of these systems. We present representative examples of QD-based systems and the most promising directions for further investigations.