Photocurable high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) containing hydroxyapatite for additive manufacture of tissue engineering scaffolds with multi-scale porosity

Porous composites containing hydroxyapatite (HA) were templated from high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) and were further structured using direct-write UV stereolithography to produce composite scaffolds with multi-scale porosity. The “woodpile” structure has a fiber diameter of approximately 300 μm and spacing between the fibers of 700 μm with the small size of the scaffold ranging from 10 to 50 nm using emulsion template.279