Structural, dielectric and electrical characteristics of BiFeO3-NaNbO3 solid solutions

The paper mainly reports the effect of NaNbO3 (as a doping material) on the structural (crystal data and microstructure), dielectric (permittivity, dissipation of energy) and electrical (impedance, modulus, and conductivity) characteristics of BiFeO3 forming a solid solution of Bi.8Na.2Fe.8Nb.2O3. By analysis of the room temperature X-ray diffraction data, the formation of pure-phase material and its crystal data were obtained. The comprehensive studies of dielectric parameters (relative dielectric constant (εr), and tangent loss (tan δ) were measured in a wide range of temperature (25-450 °C) and frequency (1 kHz-1 MHz). The surface morphology, obtained with a gold-coated pellet sample, exhibits the high density of the sample. The frequency-temperature dependence of conductivity follows the Jonscher's Universal Power law. The electrical behavior of the compound has been studied using complex impedance and modulus data. The effect of grain and grain boundary on the capacitive and resistive properties of the material has been studied from complex impedance spectroscopy.