One-step mechanochemical incorporation of an insoluble cesium additive for high performance planar heterojunction solar cells

The insoluble CsCl, as a new source of cesium cation, is shown to integrate into a multiple-cation perovskite material by a one-step method involving grinding of the precursors. The resulting polycrystalline powder is fully soluble in a DMSO/DMF mixture and allows formation of perovskite thin films and consequently planar based solar cells.88