Nanotransducers on printed circuit boards by rational design of high-density, long, thin and untapered ZnO nanowires

This is the first report of complete ZnO nanotransducers on PCBs (printed circuit boards). Both theoretical considerations and numerical analyses are crucial to co-integrate on PCBs high-density, long, high aspect ratio and untapered nanowires which are easy to package. Proofs of concept include flexible heaters and heartbeat detectors comprising both the nanowires-sensor and electronics on a single flexible PCB.326