Hierarchical scaling law for the strength of composite fibre bundles

This paper presents an analytical model for size effects on the longitudinal tensile strength of composite fibre bundles. The strength of individual fibres is modelled by a Weibull distribution, while the matrix (or fibre–matrix interface) is represented through a perfectly plastic shear-lag model. A probabilistic analysis of the failure process in hierarchical bundles (bundles of bundles) is performed, so that a scaling law relating the strength distributions and characteristic lengths of consecutive bundle levels is derived. An efficient numerical scheme (based on asymptotic limits) is proposed, hence coupon-sized bundle strength distributions are obtained almost instantaneously. Parametric studies show that both fibre and matrix properties are critical for bundle strength; model predictions at different scales are validated against experimental results available in the literature.

Graphical abstractFigure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slideHighlights► An analytical model for the longitudinal tensile strength of composites is derived. ► Weibull fibres are assembled into bundles of bundles, which fail hierarchically. ► A shear-lag matrix model confines stress concentrations and bridges fibre breaks. ► Size effects depend on the matrix but tend asymptotically to a weakest link model. ► Predicted strength distributions are successfully validated against experiments.