Conductivity dependence on synthesis parameters in hydrothermally synthesized ceria nanoparticles

Nanoparticles of cerium oxide were synthesized by Composite Mediated Hydrothermal Approach (CMHA). The synthesis conditions were optimized to enhance the conduction properties and for narrow range of nanocrystallites. The synthesis parameters like hydrothermal treatment temperature (at 180 °C and 220 °C) and time (for 45 min, 70 min and 90 min) were optimized. The structural properties of the prepared ceria were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) data. Scherrer's formula was used to calculate the crystallite sizes of average and most intense peak. Temperature dependent dc conductivity was measured in temperature range 200-700 °C and found to be increasing with the increase in measuring temperature and controlling the other synthesis conditions. The frequency dependent ac conductivity and dielectric properties were measured in frequency range 20 Hz-3 MHz at different temperatures. The ac conductivity increased (from 0.00091 to 2.661 S cm−1) with the increase in temperature (from 200 to 700 °C). Raman spectrum was observed for the different bands of cerium oxide and oxygen vacancies at 514 nm excitation laser line.