A variational principle and finite element formulation for multi-physics PLZT ceramics

This research presents an extended variational principle and a finite element formulation for multi-physics analysis of PLZT (lanthanum zirconate titanate) ceramics by including the photovoltaic and optothermic effects. The photo-induced electrical and thermal, and mechanical fields, as well as the heat source effect due to light illumination are all considered in the formulation. A generalized variation approach for advanced multi-physics PLZT problems is developed and then the relevant finite element formulation is established.

► The photo-induced multiphysics fields in PLZT materials. ► The generalized variational principle for the coupled opto-electro-thermo-mechanical fileds. ► Conduct finite element formulations on the basis of the variational approach.