Nonequilibrium thermodynamics of a deformed solid as a multiscale system. Corpuscular-wave dualism of plastic shear

Based on nonequilibrium thermodynamics we develop the methodology of describing a deformed solid as a multiscale system. It is concluded that all mechanisms of plastic deformation and fracture of solids as local structural transformations in the zones of stress concentrators of different scales are common in nature. All types of strain-induced defects are generated in hydrostatic tension zones near stress concentrators, where the local nonequilibrium thermodynamic Gibbs potential should be considered. The corpuscular-wave dualism of plastic shear is demonstrated and its specific character at different structural scale levels of plastic deformation is shown. The formation of submicro/nanocrystalline structure in solids under severe plastic deformation is analyzed thermodynamically.