An analytical solution for design of pressure tunnels considering seepage loads

On the other hand, in cracked reinforced concrete linings, the development of cracks are considered in the mechanical and hydraulic responses. In this case, the hydraulic and mechanical analyses are coupled; therefore, the hydraulic and mechanical analyses are carried out by an iterative procedure. The applicability of the proposed solution for the design of pressure tunnels is illustrated and discussed by using an illustrative example problem.