Immature citrus fruit detection based on local binary pattern feature and hierarchical contour analysis

The algorithm was evaluated with a test set of 25 images, achieved 80.4% true positive rate and 82.3% precision rate, and F-measure was 81.3%. The good performance of occlusion tolerance of the proposed method was mainly coming from the robust LBP texture descriptor and hierarchical contour analysis (HCA) which used the pattern of light intensity distribution on fruit surface. This study proposed an innovative method to detect green fruit in images of trees only by using texture and intensity distribution.