Transfer of radionuclides and dose assessment to ants and anthills in a Swedish forest ecosystem

Also, the transfer factor (TF) defined as the ratio between the mass activity for 137Cs density in ant (Bq kg−1 d.w.) and to the unit area activity density (in Bq m−2 d.w.) was determined for 137Cs to be 0.0015 m2 kg−1 d.w. The assessed radiation doses were found to be a 4.9 μGy h−1 which is below international reference levels for non-human biota.