Industrial symbiosis in Gladstone: a decade of progress and future development

Based on estimates of the future waste streams for 2020 there is likely to be a large growth of environmental impacts in the Gladstone industrial area, including a fourfold increase in solid wastes, doubling fresh water consumption and threefold increase in carbon dioxide emissions. The implementation of new synergy projects can significantly contribute to improving resource efficiency covering from 5% to 40% of the overall future emitted and disposed waste streams.