Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8106442 | Journal of Cleaner Production | 2014 | 8 Pages |
Abstract
To make clear the environmental damages and potential improvements of Chinese cement industry, the detailed life cycle inventory (LCI) of cement manufacture with direct input and output in the boundary of cement plant as well as corresponded transport is conducted. The functional units are 1Â t of Portland Ordinary cement and 1Â t of clinker. The input data contain not only the traditional items such as raw materials (limestone, sandstone, ferrous tailings and gypsums), energy (coal and electricity), and admixtures (fly ash and furnace slag), but also fresh water which is not paid attention in other literature. The output data contain not only greenhouse gas (CO2) and primary pollution (NOx, PM, SO2), but also the hazardous air pollutants (HCl, NMVOC, PCDD/Fs, PAHs and fluoride) as well as noise and heavy metal emissions (As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cu) which are usually neglected by others. The data were measured on-site. The applications of reducing pollutants and waste heat recovery technologies, and AFRs usage in cement industry are evaluated. The three steps of developments of LCI study for China cement industry are discussed.
Keywords
Related Topics
Physical Sciences and Engineering
Energy
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Authors
Chen Li, Zuoren Nie, Suping Cui, Xianzheng Gong, Zhihong Wang, Xiance Meng,