Performance enhancement and emission reduction of used motorcycles using flexible fuel technology

In Vietnam, the primary energy consumption has increased rapidly over the past decade, and the government promotes the vehicle emission standards and the development of renewable energy to complement fossil fuel. In concert with the government policy on these problems, motorcycle manufacturing companies have applied new technologies to reduce pollution emissions and fuel consumption. However, these technologies been applied only to new vehicles before selling on the market; as a result, they cannot solve the primary inducement due to a large quantity of used motorcycles in Vietnam. This research has developed a new fuel system that enables used gasoline motorcycles to operate on 100% ethanol, a type of renewable energy, which is widely used as a proportion in spark ignition engines. The research results showed satisfactorily that the motorcycles retrofitted the new fuel system can reduce significantly emission and fuel consumption.