Recent progresses in solar cells: Insight into hollow micro/nano-structures

The performance of third-generation solar cells is primarily a function of greater light harvesting, fast and facile charge transport, and limited charge recombination. Hollow micro/nano-structures have attracted considerable attention from the scientific community in recent decades due to their excellent multi-reflection and efficient scattering of incident sunlight, easy accessibility of inner spaces to electrolytes through meso/micro-channels in shells, and fast re-generation of reduced/oxidized species at the interface of sensitizer/electrolyte and electrolyte/counter electrode. This review aims to elaborate the application of hollow materials in photovoltaic cells.