Sensors for direct methanol fuel cells

A sensor can be used to enhance the performance of a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). Sensors function as alarms for various problems encountered with DMFCs, of which methanol crossover is the primary problem. These sensors can significantly improve DMFC operation, thereby promoting the commercialisation of this product. Using sensors can also lower DMFC fabrication costs. For all of these reasons, an overview of sensor applications for DMFCs is presented in this paper. Different types of sensors and advances in sensor development are also discussed, particularly for DMFC systems. Finally, this paper highlights current issues and future improvements for the application of sensors to DMFCs.