Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8122299 | Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews | 2013 | 17 Pages |
Abstract
The environmental pollution crisis and the new environmental legislations have facilitated the need for cleaner-burning gasoline. Oxygenate additives, which can increase the octane rating and induce complete fuel combustion, play increasingly important roles in the development of a greener and more sustainable environment. In this short review, one of the better-known oxygenate additives, ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE), is discussed; this compound gained interest after the limitations and negative impacts caused by the addition of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) to gasoline were discovered. The discussion focuses on the trends in ETBE production and on the evolution of conventional separation techniques toward the development of hybrid processes. Moreover, a new concept that involves the use of nanomaterials (carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphenes) in the production and separation of ETBE is proposed and discussed.
Keywords
SWCNTsSTACSTRPFRVOCEtOHTBAPLAU.S.MTBEPPAEPAAmberlyst-15[EMIM][EtSO4]DWCNTsETBE1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonateSulfonate group1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfateLHHWWHSVEley–RidealCNTSZSM-5PVPMWCNTsH-ZSM-5NOxOH−ArcoEnvironmental pollutionIARC یا International Agency for Research on CancerEnvironmental Protection AgencyEthanolEthyl tert-butyl etherCellulose acetateSilicotungstic acidSilicic acidPhenylphosphonic acidTitanium oxideNitrogen oxidesUnited StatesIsobuteneCABTert-butyl alcoholVolatile organic compoundsEtherificationTiO2Temperatureparticulate matterplug flow reactorcontinuous stirred tank reactorIon-exchange resinWeight hourly space velocityCellulose acetate butyratecellulose acetate propionatemethyl tert-Butyl ethercarbon monoxideSingle-walled Carbon NanotubesDouble-walled carbon nanotubesMulti-walled carbon nanotubesCarbon nanotubesMolar ratioQuasi-homogeneousVinyl acetateVinyl pyrrolidonePolylactic acidpolyvinylpyrrolidonetotal hydrocarbonCaPAmerican Conference of Governmental Industrial HygienistsGraphenes
Related Topics
Physical Sciences and Engineering
Energy
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Authors
Kian Fei Yee, Abdul Rahman Mohamed, Soon Huat Tan,