Efficient prediction of maximum PV module output power through dynamic modeling

This work deals with modeling and maximum power tracking of a stand-alone solar photovoltaic (PV) power generator. Based on extensive literature review, a dynamic model of a solar PV module has been developed, simulated, and validated using model in the loop experimental setup. Effects of parameter variations have been accounted for in the dynamic model. It was predicted from the simulation results that the actual real-time maximum power which a solar PV module can harvest is more than the maximum output power being stated by PV module manufacturers. Further, the true maximum power produced by a PV module is directly proportional to the average output electric energy. The predicted true maximum output power can be harnessed through accurate load matching. A small scale outdoor set up has been established at Tennessee Tech University. Preliminary experimental testing showed that when using appropriate load matching, one can predict and extract as much as 20% average more energy over the period of one month from the PV module than what is currently being projected by commercially available PV modules. The model can also be used for any PV module by modifying the module parameters and is an excellent reference for PV engineers and researchers.