Investigation of ionic liquids based on pyridinium and imidazolium as interfacial tension reducer of crude Oil−Water and their synergism with MgCl2

Ionic liquids (ILs) can be tailored as chemical surfactants and surface active agents to reduce the interfacial tension (IFT) of crude oil/aqueous solutions for enhanced oil recovery processes. The current investigation was aimed to explore the nature of ingenious active agents in crude oil, including asphaltene and resin, and their possible interactions with two families of ILs, namely pyridinium and imidazolium, on the IFT of crude oil/aqueous solutions, both in the presence and absence of MgCl2. To the best of our knowledge, the effect of crude oil type on the IFT of crude oil/aqueous solution containing salts and IL has not been ever investigated. Accordingly, IFTs of light, medium and heavy crude oils (labeled as LCO, MCO and HCO, respectively) and two ILs, i.e. [C8mim] [Cl] and [C8Py] [Cl] were measured. In addition, the effects of the total acid number of crude oils, the amount of ingenious active agents in the crude oils as well as their major structural, molecular parameters such as hydrogen/carbon ratio and type and amount of heteroatoms (i.e. nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen) were investigated. The obtained results indicated that the performance of ILs was influenced by the crude oil and IL types. In details, the aromatic section of cationic part and their interactions with heteroatoms of crude oil showed the most influential role on the IFT variation.