Rapid and accurate simulation of the In-situ Conversion Process using upscaled dynamic models

A simple yet effective upscaling workflow is developed for the fast and accurate simulation of ICP using a novel integrated upscaling and flow simulation platform. Overall, the upscaling workflow is simple, generic, and delivers computational speed-up while retaining a reasonable level of fine-scale model accuracy. Upscaled models lead to more robust simulations of ICP from the numerical perspective as evidenced by main numerical performance indicators. The upscaling script is implemented as part of an easily customizable ICP simulation deck. It is used for simulation-intensive ICP performance forecasting workflows (e.g., optimization, uncertainty quantification, and history matching) targeting oil-shale resources worldwide.