Torque model verification for the GOCE satellite

Based on data recorded during selected spacecraft events, the model for the control torques can be validated and error sources are identified in the other models. The models perform best in roll and pitch, where the standard deviation is reduced to 15.2% and 2.1% of the standard deviation of the control torque around those axes respectively. In yaw the standard deviation is significantly larger at 30.5%. The remaining differences between models and observations show magnetic signatures due to electric currents and signatures of aerodynamic model errors. The latter correspond well with an increase in thermosphere density and wind speed with increased geomagnetic activity. The pitch torque is found to be a potential source of vertical wind data.