New large aperture, hybrid photo-detector and photo multiplier tube for a gigantic water Cherenkov ring imaging detector

We are developing a 20-in. aperture high quantum efficiency photo-multiplier tube (PMT) and a hybrid photo-detector (HPD) for Hyper-Kamiokande which is a next generation underground large water Cherenkov detector. We have measured prototypes of 20-in. PMT with a high quantum efficiency photocathode, 30% at 400 nm, and 8-in. HPDs with a normal quantum efficiency photocathode, 22% at 400 nm, in a 200-ton water tank and checked their performance. The PMTs have a 2.7 ns (sigma) timing resolution and 43% (sigma) charge resolution for single photo-electron. Compared to PMTs, HPDs show a better performance with a 1.7 ns timing resolution and 32.