Fabrication of MWCNT incorporated Sn-Bi composite

Multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) incorporated with Sn-Bi alloy to form composite was successfully fabricated using an electrochemical co-deposition method. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination found that MWCNT clusters act as the nucleation sites of BiSn alloy and form refined BiSn alloy grains. It was observed that the addition of MWCNTs eliminates the porous cavities associated with the deposited BiSn alloy by a bridging and nucleation/growth effect on CNT clusters. The addition of MWCNTs also changes the deposited BiSn composition by reducing the Bi content in the deposited BiSn alloy thus easier to obtain the desired low Bi content alloy with the desired lower melting points.