| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8282184 | Journal of the Neurological Sciences | 2011 | 8 Pages |
Abstract
Anorectal symptoms are frequently found in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), mainly manifested as diffuse lower abdominal discomfort, constipation, and fecal incontinence. Among these symptoms, constipation may precede by years the motor manifestations of PD. Research has focused for decades on selection of a measurement method for detection of abnormalities and support of clinometric instruments for anorectal symptoms. We review those manifestations and their contribution to evaluation of the anorectal symptoms in patients with PD.
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Authors
Joong-Seok Kim, Hye Young Sung, Kwang-Soo Lee, Yeong-In Kim, Hee-Tae Kim,