Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8287286 | Redox Biology | 2017 | 9 Pages |
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder that is pathologically characterized by intracellular inclusions comprised primarily of alpha-synuclein (αSyn) that can also be transmitted from neuron to neuron. Several lines of evidence suggest that these inclusions cause neurodegeneration. Thus exploring strategies to improve neuronal survival in neurons with αSyn aggregates is critical. Previously, exposure to αSyn pre-formed fibrils (PFFs) has been shown to induce aggregation of endogenous αSyn resulting in cell death that is exacerbated by either starvation or inhibition of mTOR by rapamycin, both of which are able to induce autophagy, an intracellular protein degradation pathway. Since mTOR inhibition may also inhibit protein synthesis and starvation itself can be detrimental to neuronal survival, we investigated the effects of autophagy induction on neurons with αSyn inclusions by a starvation and mTOR-independent autophagy induction mechanism. We exposed mouse primary cortical neurons to PFFs to induce inclusion formation in the presence and absence of the disaccharide trehalose, which has been proposed to induce autophagy and stimulate lysosomal biogenesis. As expected, we observed that on exposure to PFFs, there was increased abundance of pS129-αSyn aggregates and cell death. Trehalose alone increased LC3-II levels, consistent with increased autophagosome levels that remained elevated with PFF exposure. Interestingly, trehalose alone increased cell viability over a 14-d time course. Trehalose was also able to restore cell viability to control levels, but PFFs still exhibited toxic effects on the cells. These data provide essential information regarding effects of trehalose on αSyn accumulation and neuronal survival on exposure to PFF.
Keywords
MAP2GAPDHmTORHsc70HMWRIPAαsynLC3cytosine arabinosideE. coliLAMP2ALC3-IIPLLTFEBTX-100Ponceau SHsp104lysosome-associated membrane protein 2aICCPVDFGFAPLAMP1FBSPBSBSADMSOUS FDAMTTα-synucleinbovine serum albuminAutophagyUnited States Food and Drug AdministrationEscherichia coliSDS-PAGESodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresisImmunocytochemistryconradioimmunoprecipitation assay bufferParkinson's diseaseTrehaloseTriton X-100AraCpolyvinylidene difluorideDIVDimethyl sulfoxidedays in vitrofetal bovine serumTREheat shock cognate 70Transcription factor EBPhosphate buffered salineknockoutwildtypemammalian target of rapamycinhigh molecular weightGlial fibrillary acidic proteinLysosomal-associated membrane protein 1microtubule-associated protein 2Poly-l-lysinePenicillin/streptomycinChloroquineControlglyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase
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Authors
Matthew Redmann, Willayat Y. Wani, Laura Volpicelli-Daley, Victor Darley-Usmar, Jianhua Zhang,