Prevalence and proposal for cost-effective management of the ciguatera risk in the Noumea fish market, New Caledonia (South Pacific)

► Our study describes a cost-effective risk management for Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (CFP) on fish markets. ► Expert knowledge can be used to define a list of potentially toxic species with threshold size for high risk. ► Two surveys (2008 and 2009) showed a prevalence of the CFP risk of respectively 16,1% and 18,9% in Noumea. ► The complementary risk assessment based on size threshold showed that highly risky individual fish were regularly sold. ► The banning of certain species and sizes would easily and significantly decrease the risk of CFP.