Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8429433 | Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer | 2014 | 14 Pages |
Abstract
Bone metastases are characterized by increased osteoblastic and/or osteolytic processes depending on the tumor type. The altogether destructive effect of metastasis formation promoted by increased metabolic activity raises the release of components from the osseous metabolism into the blood stream. These components are either enzymes directly involved in the alteration processes, metabolites/proteins that develop during this or bone matrix proteins released during this. These biomarkers are categorized in relation to their involvement in the bone formation or resorption as bone formation and resorption markers. Based on a PubMed literature search, a critical appraisal of the various biomarkers for diagnostic, prognostic, and monitoring purposes is given for patients with skeletal metastases caused by breast, prostate, lung, or renal cell carcinomas.
Keywords
ROCcarboxy-terminal propeptide of type I procollagenPICPTRAP5bICTPPYDPINPECLIADPDCLIAOPGCREAOPNRANKLBAPRIABSPNTXCTXDkk-1bone-specific alkaline phosphataseOsteoprotegerinOsteopontinOsteocalcinBCEPrognostic biomarkerReceiver-operating characteristicsradioimmunoassayDiagnostic biomarkerCancerbone sialoproteinOsseous metastasisDickkopf-1Bone markersUrinary creatinine
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Authors
Klaus Jung, Michael Lein,