Generation of optical bubbles by vector beams and pure phase filter

Based on the combination of generalized cylindrical vector beams and radial polarized beams, the designed three-zone pure phase filter, and interferences effect, we present a theoretical approach to generate optical bubble. Simulation results show that two small optical bubbles can be obtained with the designed optical system when objective lens with NA = 0.8. The optical bubble size defined by full width half maximum of the intensity is calculated to be λ. It can be used in microscopy techniques such as stimulated emission depletion microscopy.