Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8466298 | Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews | 2018 | 32 Pages |
Abstract
IL-38 is the most recently discovered cytokine of the IL-1 family and is considered a potential inhibitor of the IL-1 and Toll-like receptor families. IL-38 exerts anti-inflammatory properties, especially on macrophages, by inhibiting secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to reduced T-lymphocyte TH17 maturation. IL-38 has been studied most extensively in the context of chronic inflammatory diseases, particularly arthritis, where it is considered an attractive new drug candidate. IL-38 research has entered a new phase, with the realization that IL-38 is important in the pathophysiology of TH17 dependent-diseases (psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis). In this review, we provide a critical evaluation of several controversial issues concerning IL-38 function and regulation. There is effectively contrasting data regarding IL-38: it is produced in conditions such as apoptosis, necrosis or inflammation, but data is lacking regarding IL-38 processing and biological function. Furthermore, the receptor for IL-38 has yet to be identified, although three candidate receptors - IL-1R1, IL-36R and IL-1RAPL1-have been proposed. Future studies will hopefully uncover new aspects of this enigmatic cytokine.
Keywords
NLSNod-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3IL-1FDIRAantigen induced arthritisIL-38T helperNLRP3IL-1RAcPMMPPBMCsTLRPAMPsDAMPsAIALPSPSAMAPKNFκBArthritiscollagen induced arthritispsoriatic arthritisRheumatoid arthritisAnkylosing spondylitisinflammationrecombinant humanTIRToll-like receptordanger associated molecular patternsperipheral blood mononuclear cellsCIAnuclear localization signalnuclear factor kappa Bsystemic lupus erythematousSLElipopolysaccharidepathogen associated molecular patternsIL-1 receptor accessory proteinC-reactive proteinCRP
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Authors
Thomas Garraud, Mathilde Harel, Marie-Astrid Boutet, Benoit Le Goff, Frédéric Blanchard,